I'd imagine having to maintain last-access time on files can be constraining for filesystem performance.
I'd say a clear failure of the unix legacy is that file creation time wasn't tracked. You only had atime, ctime, and mtime.
On macOS you can only access st_birthtimespec with stat(2) if the `_DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE` macro is defined.
A quick search shows most newer filesystems support birth or creation time:
* Btrfs: otime * ext4: crtime * UFS2: st_birthtime * ZFS: crtime
Granted, this is done by default in every modern distro I have seen.