I don't see how the same thing couldn't happen with an elm package? The attacker can commit to the github repo.
NPM modules don't even have source code on display. Someone has to download and check the tarball before npm install.
Also, Elm packages are qualified by a github username so there isn't an ecosystem of ownership transfer. No juicy name squatting. People just fork.
Finally, don't forget that my point is "there are a few issues with NPM that make this kind of thing especially easy/lucrative". That's a far cry from "everything else is bullet-proof" but it's tempting to argue with me as if I'm saying that.