Well, it's not my definition. It's Isaiah Berlin's and was the foundation of US policy from 1960 to about 2000. A bit less lately. Do you want to know more? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Concepts_of_Liberty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill.
So it's really not a US/Europe thing at all - both very much value negative liberty, although it is probably fair to say that Europe also values positive liberty a bit more. It's more about the role of corporations. The US seems to view corporations as almost equivalent to people, whereas in Europe more often they are viewed as quite separate. And Europe has a broader definition of harm around monopolies than the US does currently at least, especially around the importance of data protection (but again both in respect to negative liberty).