Typically this would be very hard to do. If I want to withdraw $5,000 or more in cash in the US, I have to fill out a suspicious activity report (SAR). Transferring even under ten thousand dollars today via SWIFT can be tough (like Venmo for the international banks).
However, what if you set up a company in the US selling 16 oz organic potting soil for $400 a bag? You could place an order for 100x, get your over priced potting soil shipped to Romania, but what you’ve also done is incredibly valuable. You’ve transferred $40,000 USD across continents and essentially outside of the central banking system via the credit card companies.
Money laundering leads to grossly inflated assets (like buying a house that’s 300k over valued because you just want to store the money in a non-cash asset and don’t care about price). This affects us all, and should be studied more.