Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, often called TIPS?
https://www.treasurydirect.gov/indiv/products/prod_tips_glan...
https://www.treasurydirect.gov/indiv/products/prod_tips_glan...
Maybe it's just because I live in California, but over the past 10 years I have observed inflation in my main expense categories (mostly rent and restaurants) go up a steady ~10% a year, which clearly doesn't match what the TIPS have been returning, so had I had all my nest egg in TIPS, my purchasing power would have shrunk by quite a bit.
2) Your main expense categories are just a subset of consumer expenditure that the bureau of labor statistics use to measure price levels of goods and services.[1]