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Cloudflare is a MiTM on the internet at large.

What about Akamai or Cloudfront?

Cloudfront certainly aren’t the first CDN, and I highly doubt they’re the largest.

Cloudflare uses a reverse proxy design for its CDN features.

As do Akamai and CloudFront. It’s not a MITM when it’s a contracted service sites choose to use rather than an attack.

I had to look it up to make sure I knew exactly what a 'reverse proxy' is

> a reverse proxy is a type of proxy server that retrieves resources on behalf of a client from one or more servers.

Isn't that what every CDN does? Isn't that the definition of a CDN?

Some CDNs, you put the content on them and link to it. Some reverse proxy back to your ‘origin’ server(s). Some, like Akamai, offer both.