The Web -- WWW -- invented by TBL at Cern, is a set of data representation and request protocols, but doesn't address underlying royting and peering, the domain of the Internet itself, and BGP specifically. The WWW could splinter, but it would do (and may be doing) so along protocol lines, not underlying connection levels.
App-level proxies and DNS further complicate the discussion, an legal and regulatory matters operate at yet another level. Largely these too were not invented in the EU.
The Bloomberg article is clearly referencing the Internet as a whole, title ambiguity notwithstanding, and that was created in the United States, not the EU. As AnonymousPlanet notes, CH is not an EU member state.
So your statement is false.