In the case I was thinking of, Skylake-X, the HEDT line, that wasn't entirely true. I was looking mostly at something like Broadwell-E vs Skylake-X, where the difference is huge:
Core i7-6950X - $1,700 at launch in 05-2016: 10 × 256 KiB of L2, with 25 MiB of L3. Core i9-7960X - $1,700 at launch in 09-2017: 16 x 1024 KiB of L2, with 22 MiB of L3.