I got to know that when I simply wrote some bare speculations and musings of how the industry sees ad fraud, and got a call just 8 hours later.
The entire topic is a "don't ask, don't tell" thing in the industry.
That said, the assumption is that advertisers are the victims here. However, in reality ad spending is driven by huge multinational, bureaucratic and dysfunctional companies. For many of these companies the goal is simply to spend the allocated budgets, and forget about sanity and KPI-driven processes. In that sense advertisers and fraudsters are willing accomplices.
What if they decide to have just enough fraud? Make money but advertisers see it as cost of doing business
This is because many of these companies are paid by volume and percentage of media spend so they are incentivized to increase traffic, not limit it.