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Only Android, and on Nintendo Swift as 2nd tier API (1st tier is NVN).

Even on Windows, you need from get the drivers from OEMs, and they only work in old Win32 desktop mode, not on store/UWP.

It remains to be seen if Windows sandbox will allow for anything else other than DirectX.

If you consider that window, normally use third party drivers (by amd, intel, nvidia) which bundle by default vulkan.

Linux distributions and the more recent android versions?

Pretty much every OS, except heavy lock-in oriented ones, where OS is controlled by some entity which prevents providing graphics drivers. In such case it's up to that entity to produce them, and in most cases their lock-in idea is against it.

Pretty sure AMD on Linux can do Vulkan with just second-party stuff.

The "second party" is the user. I don't think any users are writing their own Vulkan drivers.

My mistake, thought about from the user perspective.

AMD hardware has two drivers on Linux, radv by Mesa and amdvlk by AMD themselves. Not sure what you call "second party", but both are very competitive today.