I vaguely seem to recall that Rhino, Cocoon's pre-Node serverside javascript, had continuations too. That much have been around 2006 or thereabouts.
http://web.archive.org/web/20190127111220/https://wiki.apach...
From the Rhino Google group, it looks like some people are still using continuations in Rhino:
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/mozilla-rhino/Gfo-dO...