You can get “industrial” SD cards that are rated for more severe environmental conditions and more write cycles. They are more expensive though, but probably worth it for commercial applications.
At a guess, the Samsung EVO family of consumer based cards, probably ranges between using TLC (older) to 2D or 3D V-NAND (newer). The more robust Pro series, which commands a premium, probably uses MLC or superior.[2]
[1] https://www.swissbit.com/products/nand-flash-products/micros...
[2] https://www.cactus-tech.com/resources/blog/details/slc-pslc-...
There's so much nice about the industrial cards that have nothing to do with it's ability to endure extreme environments, that I would basically never ship a non consumer product without them at this point.
80kB/s sounds a bit low for a card that is doing full "global" wear leveling; memory cards and SSDs that don't have DRAM often cut corners on the wear leveling, so they aren't as effective as proper mainstream SSDs. Your workload was probably issuing the writes in chunks smaller than the flash memory's page size (typically 16kB these days), so you probably had serious write amplification from the read-modify-write cycles even if that 80kB/s was sequential writes. SSDs with decent-sized write buffers and power loss protection capacitors can do more write combining than a memory card that has to be prepared for sudden power loss at any moment.
Had good luck with the ones mentioned in https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16777238
Further to your link, my experience with Samsung Pro series has been very favourable. YMMV.
[0] https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=184696
[1] https://www.tomshardware.co.uk/raspberry-pi-4-ssd-test,news-...
One can argue about whether those reasons are in the "but the user should know better" column, but when they result in a corrupted filesystem, they nevertheless add up to a poor user experience.
Hope one day the Rpi has easygoing power requirements and a button you can push for orderly shutdown.