Kazakhstan is blocking some websites, including home pages for Tor and popular VPN services. Also it uses some sophisticated Tor blocking: it establishes TCP connection but no bytes going there, so Tor client just hangs there without error or traffic, I wasn't able to unblock it, though I did not try hard enough. I think that they are blocking connections to popular VPN services as well, but I don't really know. Without access to their home pages it's hard to connect anyway. I know that people successfully using some mobile apps as VPNs, so while they are trying to block VPN, they are not trying hard enough.

I never had any problems with SSH and I operate my own OpenVPN on VPS using standard port and I never had any problems with it as well.

Not a local reader. I am from Russia.

ZaTelecom Telegram channel (https://t.me/zatelecom) claims that that not all ISPs have rolled out the MITM attack. For now, a good solution would be to switch to a different ISP (it's not like in the US, each home has access to 2-5 different ISPs).

Also, users ask everyone to use a VPN. So, I think that they have access to VPNs.

I checked these a few months ago and both services were working fine.