I believe you can get a job with the associated temporary residence permit, extend this as many times as necessary to meet the uninterrupted legal stay requirements, then apply for the permanent residence.
Getting citizenship is probably a bit harder but not impossible - about a thousand people get it in Poland each year by the decision of the president.
I'm not familiar with Poland specifically but this is generally the insurmountable barrier for most folks. Remember not everyone is a dev! "Sick person who works at Best Buy and drives for Lyft on the side" is going to have a really hard time with that step.
Generally speaking, employers need to make a reasonable enough case that they couldn't get an EU person to do the job, and there are often income minimums, specified in-need fields, etc. .
So it's definitely not impossible (I did it), but for the sort of person getting told "if you don't like it you can 'git out" it's an issue.
But if you have nobody around here... Well...
Had I been healthy or had some consistent support I'd have long since legitimized and possibly had citizenship if it were granted. But I'd have settled for permanent residency. Not really going to change anything to mention all of this, and things are far worse for me now all around than even then so it's possibly wishful thinking to imagine I could even have THAT life again, but it was just relevant to your comment.