It looks like some effort was made in 2010 to coat the reinforcing steel with a porcelain enamel [1]. I believe the enamel's primary function was to provide a bond with the encasing concrete. Naturally, it would also help to protect the steel from water and oxygen.

There must be a reason why ceramic cannot fully replace steel. Cost perhaps.

Maybe these technologies would be better combined.

[1] https://www.ceramicindustry.com/articles/90943-improving-ste...