Ideally you want to return the collected tax money back into the economy through a general tax cut/subsidy. This way you incentivize good behaviour (carbon emission minimization) but limit impact on the economy. Most economists favour this approach.
The problem is environmentalist and progressives will not support this scheme because they would rather take the collected tax money and redirect it to their pet causes. This is what happend with Washington's Initiative 732 [1] - and why ENVIRONMENTAL groups brought it down (because fuck helping the environment if socialism doesn't come along for the ride)
There is insanity going on in progressive circles that is completely detrimental to fighting climate change that dwarfs conservative denialism.