I'm guessing the latter given turbo has meant more than "ICE turbocharger" for longer than musk has been alive:
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbopump
Dishonest hack? Eesh. You should consider stepping back a little :/.
It basically gave you anywhere from 50% to 100% increase in CPU speed at the time.
That said for most people it would probably have done nothing since the turbo button was available on cases till the mid 90’s where it did nothing and often wasn’t even connected.
I had one on my MMX pentium PC but it did absolutely squat.
That's why they often had some sort of LED or display (2x7 segments).
Pretty sure the machines were usually shipped in "turbo" configuration.
> Was it because some applications were clock dependant?
Lots.
The original PC CPU (8088?) ran at 4.7MHz or something. Lots of early games (not only games but that was very obvious for them) were developed with a "fixed hardware" mindset and would rely on busy loop and CPU clock for the "game clock". So when you got a faster CPU the entire game would speed up.
Things got funky on an 8MHz 268 and outright screwy on a 386 or 486 (whose latter models reached 100MHz).
For this reason I'd asked Intel (as a senior programmer at one of Intel's largest CPU chip consumers) for a fixed-rate timer register when they made the 386 e.g. 1MHz free-running counter regardless of CPU speed. While they did implement other requested features (breakpoint registers) somebody screwed up the timer feature and made it full-clock-speed and accessible only thru a privileged instruction. Thus useless for applications.
It stopped meaning "turbocharger" and now means "more powerful".