I got lost at part 1.4.1 on page 6.
I know python, but what would I need to learn to actually follow this pdf?
There's also a (very challenging, I would guess 150-300 hours time commitment) MIT course online: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-06sc-linear-algeb... But it has videos.
I would focus on Chapter 21 in the pdf because it tells you exactly what you need for this application. And supplement it as needed.