> * Sadly, telecommunications (Rogers, Telus, Bell) and air transportation (WestJet, Air Canada) are affected by oligopoly.*
With ISPs, the CRTC (~FCC) has at least forced the incumbent telcos so allow independents access to their Layer 1:
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-access_network
I think the US would benefit from such a policy, and it did exist for a short spell around 2000.
Doesn't help much in the area of mobile phones though.
With regards to air transportation, I would think that most traffic flows more north-south and less east-west, so I'm not sure how many airlines can survive given Canada's population and the distribution thereof. Certainly we do have some 'regionals', Porter out of CYTZ being fairly well-known.