Kary Mullis was on acid[1] when he invented PCR, which is responsible for the field of modern genetics.
Probably a lot, lot more from people who wouldn't admit to it.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kary_Mullis#Use_of_hallucinoge...
I don't think he was on acid at the moment of the conceptualization of PCR, though- the origin story most people tell involves him driving a car at night to a conference (I guess that doesn't preclude being on LSD). When I met him in person, I couldn't get him to give a straight answer to any question I asked (I think he was suffering from dementia).
TBH I'd be really surprised if academics were taking LSD in '52-53, although there was definitely a long period where basically anybody could order it in quantity from Sandoz. Of course, from MK-Ultra we know the CIA was giving it to people around that time (including dosing agents), and by the early 60s, universities like Stanford were giving it to research study participants (Ken Kesey, Robert Hunter, etc).
What a shame that a great original thinker like Mullis ends up with dementia. It's crazy that solving aging isn't a #1 international priority.
I was able to visualize four dimensional structures on LSD. I can't see it "instinctually" anymore, but I had a vision of our universe as the 3D surface of a 4D hypersphere, and from that perspective it's subjective whether you consider the entirety of the universe inside of you or outside of you. After coming down I thought it was probably some nonsense that my brain dreamt up, but I analogized it as a 2D surface of a 3D sphere and it makes complete sense. Drawing a circle on a sphere and calling one side of the line you draw the "inside" is completely subjective—we just tend to call the smaller side inside. If you grow the circle to the greatest meridian of the sphere, which side is now "inside"? Is my brain on the inside and the universe on the outside, or is the universe on the inside and my brain on the outside?
I also kept seeing (when I say "see", it isn't the type of hallucination that appears like a real object in front of you, these all form in my mind's eye but are more vivid than what I can usually visualize) these grid-like, branching "corridors". I'm not sure what the best term for it would be and it may have not been 4 dimensional per se, but I don't think the way it's laid out would work in 3 dimensions. It was like I was floating in an intersection with rows (x), columns (y), and aisles (z) passing through me. A lot of this is hard to visualize when not tripping.
This is the internal/external split which is a fundamental problem in psychology and sociology. I don't think it's solvable.