1. Server 2. nginx 3. A certificate 4. DNS
The vast majority of people don’t actually need to scale at all. I got HN hugged once and my little Digital Ocean droplet with nginx performed just fine. Granted, it was a static site. But scalability is one of those things that everyone says they want, but probably don’t actually need (or haven’t really profiled to see if scaling horizontally would help).
I’ve been burned too much by devs using Docker and Kubernetes and all of this other nonsense just to host basic web backends, because I’m always the one who has to clean up the mess when it shits the bed. Web hosting needn’t be difficult, but we keep making it difficult.