It's all pretty well documented in a wide variety of sources, but if you want the definite read check out "Countdown to Zero Day" by Kim Zetter. Lots of technical information about how Stuxnet/Olympic Games actually worked. A good book as well.
My understanding is that the aim was to have the centrifuges return erroneous information rather than obvious sabotage like self destruction.
In @War it’s explained that Bush pursued the false data strategy but Obama escalated it to over-revving them to destroy them. Good book.