Thanks! That clarifies the distinction.

And what people also don't realize is machine learning system will get massively more accurate over time, and its accuracy landscape will generally follow the distribution of the training set. Academic training sets this is typically bootstrapped on are very different from what you'd encounter in the US criminal justice system, but as the system is fed real data it can get crazy good at what it does. Superhuman accuracy facial recognition systems have existed for a while now. Humans just aren't that good at matching faces, and it's not like humans are bias-free either.

There is an entirely different mean number of false positive stops.

So, by your statistical definition, there's a bias.