Exactly. 20% ON TOP of your salary. It’s baked in to the US salary. Sure, it doesn’t account for the whole delta but it’s not nothing.
What most people are interested in is how much of their pay is take-home pay. In the US, the take-home fraction of your pay will typically be somewhat higher. It's certainly not the case that software engineers in the US are getting bigger notional salaries but then paying a larger fraction in paycheck deductions than their European counterparts.