* the Schroeder-Bernstein theorem in set theory
* the fact that the axiom of choice is equivalent to the statement that every set is well-ordered: how can something so intuitively correct and something so intuitively wrong be equivalent?
* the general notion of dualism in category theory. Two for the price of one!
* the ways fixpoints can be used in TCS: the Y combinator (heh), and the Kleene and Knaster-Tarski theorems. The best part is that they're all intuitively the same.