And there's (more recent) studies claiming they did:
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/study-suggests-nea...
http://www.sci-news.com/archaeology/neanderthals-start-fire-...
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/study-suggests-nea...
http://www.sci-news.com/archaeology/neanderthals-start-fire-...
https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/10/neanderthal-glue-was...