Abroad? Mostly a slight markup on the default exchange rate, which is hard to pin down, but certainly less than 2%.
But my problem is mostly this applies on any withdrawal. Not only abroad.
WRT "certainly less than 2%" - you might be surprised, do double-check. Not all banks do, but many do here. It's most obvious here at Raiffeisen, where you can have EUR or USD cards (_with_ ATM fees) - or RON cards with no ATM fees (but if you think about checking the currency conversion rate, you're in for a nasty surprise). And again, bad currency conversion is far worse than 2% ATM fee, because it applies on all your purchases, whereas nowadays in many countries you don't actually need to withdraw money... not in excess of 200E/month, anyway.