Your point about that being a disaster in enterprise is exactly correct and I have huge misgivings about these people above writing the large majority of our software architecture. This is after we switched to Go from Java where these same people did some of the same things.
Lesson not learned.
Golang is probably the biggest embarrassment of a modern programming language ever conceived. Again, if you don't believe me, just start writing your first Kubernetes controller.
The unused variable thing is mildly annoying but fits with the cleanliness philosophy. Not checking errors is very easily detected by a LINTer such as the one built into the JetBrains GoLand IDE. It highlights failure to check errors and requires that you explicitly ignore the error return with something like "_, foo = bar.baz()".
Go is spectacularly productive when used properly. It's a very nice language.
Enterprise software is not well-known for its quality or correctness.
So that things are silently wrong is not a disaster as much as it is a dumpster fire that corporations are happy to shovel cash into while a whole lot of people huddle around it for warmth.