Use any modern programming language.
With any gnu tools it is great that they will stay there for your life and are usually by default installed on every system
For "fun" projects (stuff I'm not paid for) and workflow optimization, I just care about portability, which means C (with heavy use of the C stream library, a simple collections library of about 200 LOC, and occasionally POSIX syscalls) and shell scripting. After spending a lot of time learning languages as a hobby, I just don't believe the dark corners and warts of C and shell scripting are any worse than other languages.