Eggs last quite a long time. Not that it worries me, my hens laid their first egg today! Believe it or not, people in the Uk actually panic purchased chickens this week.
That is incorrect. Different hens lay different colored eggs.
Also, the thing farmers do have control over is the colour of the yolk.
You can buy Egg Yolk Color Charts: http://www.robotmation.co.jp/keiranycceng.htm
This article talks about it a bit more: http://blog.chickenwaterer.com/2013/03/influencing-egg-yolk-...