It would work, but it would make the results less useful to you. Just as useful to me, though, so I wouldn't mind. I just couldn't feed back the results, that's all.
Couldn't you then, in that case, give each anonymous user a number, and say "Anonymous User 1"? On the other hand, given that it might be possible to reverse it to the user who made those upvotes.
I'll probably try to arrange something so that people can semi-reverse engineer their results. Once I've worked out what I'm doing, and get any results, I'll let people know, and they can decide whether to release their data, or become known, or whatever.
I have thought about this, I haven't got any firm conclusions, my principle is that people's data is theirs to release.