An important Zoom feature is that you can dial in from a regular cell phone / landline and conference phones. That's one of the selling points of Zoom.
Basically, in both cases (computer/app or dial-in), increasing the number of digits of the meeting ID has very little impact on the users. Forcing a user to enter a password after joining (which is just more digits) does impact the user.
It is a frequent use-case that people join meetings from devices that are not running a calendar application, or the calendar does not have the meeting invite.
For example: conference rooms.