The core thermal management of macOS seems to be better than Windows:

https://youtu.be/LGOmbNRlZdM?t=495 (8:15)

And I've always gotten better battery life on average on MacBooks than other laptops, and in macOS than in Windows on the same Mac.

The problem is when there are bugs (of which there are many) in the other higher-level daemons and third-party apps that get stuck in some task and cause the CPU to unnecessarily shoot up.

For example I try to do things like renice +20 for every Steam process, because it's a bad macOS citizen and suddenly shoots up to 100% CPU for no reason, but it doesn't help until I terminate them. Even the TextInput etc. daemons get randomly wonky and have to be terminated.