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Hi, Android 9 and 11 Google APIs/Play system images should have userspace ARM translation available (with ARM64 translation available in Android 11).

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> userspace ARM translation

What does that mean? The x86 system image can run arm code? I will try that (might get confusing if there is an arm and x86 lib in the apk).

I have been using the image without google apis to save space, because my sdd is almost full

Does it reject invalid arm? I wrote my app in Pascal, and the FreePascal compiler often generates invalid assembly. Especially because I need to use the nightly build, because the last stable release does not support aarch64

Yes, the x86 system image can run ARM code. Note that the speed will be much faster than running a full ARM emulated system image because only the guest userspace bits need to be translated from ARM to x86. System calls are still marshalled to x86 calls, so memory accesses are many many times faster because (there's no need to drop into emulating the MMU).

(Also AFAIK illegal instructions are still validated and trapped as SIGILL or SIGSEGV)

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