https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/18/why-elon-musk-wants-his-empl...
What's interesting, and I didn't know this until I scanned this article, is that Reed Hastings also uses a First Principles approach. I mentioned my stock picks got better. I bought TSLA in 2012 and NFLX in 2013.
For Paul Graham, his body of essays is a great source for how he thinks through problem solving in general, and he takes on more than just science or tech related topics:
http://www.paulgraham.com/articles.html
Since you mentioned Warren Buffet, any of his annual shareholder letters is a good source:
https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/letters/letters.html
He's a sample from 2009:
"From the start, Charlie and I have believed in having a rational and unbending standard for measuring what we have – or have not – accomplished. That keeps us from the temptation of seeing where the arrow of performance lands and then painting the bull’s eye around it."