Centos follows Red Hat Enterprise Linux as closely as they possibly can.
Fedora is more of an unstable distro where new things are tried out that may get into RHEL when they stabilize.
I don't think either of them have a goal of working on a very broad range of modern workstations. If you know you specifically want Centos or Fedora to do your work, you should build a workstation (or select a laptop) that you know will work with that distro.
Anyway you should rarely be seriously considering both of these at the same time. Either you want stability and you choose between Centos, Debian, or maybe older Ubuntu LTS, or you want to be on the edge and you choose Fedora, or the latest Ubuntu, etc.
Also there are other options besides Fedora, Centos, and Windows. Maybe Ubuntu would be a better fit for you.