All of this means that I don't worry about most things you mention. PG upgrade? Failover and upgrade the pod. Upgrade fails? wal-g clone from object storage and rejoin cluster. Scaling up? Adjust the resource claims. If resource claims necessitate node migration, see failover scenario. It's so resilient. And this is all with raid 10 nvme direct attached storage just as fast as any other setup.
You mention etcd but people don't run etcd the way you're describing postgres. You run a redundant cluster that can achieve quorum and tolerate losses. If you follow that paradigm, you end up with postgres on k8s.