most of the companies nowadays consider all their engineering hires will stay at most two years, so they think giving a raise or promotion is a pointless action and waste of money.
They prefer to bring in/hire more candidates from other countries and pay them less than what current employees ask for them, because it is cheaper.
There's plenty of big pond companies with enough roles to keep someone learning and improving for decades.
That said, unless I completely change my role and/or specialization, I don't see any room to grow.
I'm a frontend engineer with some fullstack mixed in. Going backend would certainly be an interesting change, but it would be at the cost of atrophying frontend skill/knowledge, the end result being it would be harder to get a future FE (atrophy) or BE (beginner/mediocre skillset) job. Especially since companies these days seem to be creating FE specific interview tracks.
That would be the point, yes.
I definitely did not mean to imply that spending 6 years doing the same thing at a big company is in any way better than doing the same at a small company.
My point was that since a large company likely does allow you to completely change your role, domain and specialization without quitting, you should look at years-per-role and not years-per-company.