I'm surprised you didn't mention Bell Laboratories at all. They innovated a lot, and created a ton of stuff including Claude Shannon's paper and a lot of the technology today we use.

Boeing I would say has a lot to learn from SpaceX.

>If someone has great ideas, we should invest in the person not in their employer.

But what if the employer is investing? This talks about how corporations dismiss good ideas, but large ones like Bell fostered it. Not sure if Apple had some innovators leave, but if they did, I haven't heard of them.