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Can this be mitigated by using something like ufw and restricting the IP access?

Unless you use docker, then it doesn't really matter. Really have to make sure your docker containers are not exposing ports they shouldnt be.

Is there a good tutorial you can recommend on how to audit this?

No, but I would start with a `docker ps` and see what ports it's forwarding.

That is what the OP said to do in his post.