C lacks the information given to the compiler to do this. It can't be added without adding that to the language. So no linter can do this alone, without language changes.

It is impossible given the spec and syntax of those languages, which is why Rust exists, to enable these features...

This wouldn't be possible in a practical sense. One could imagine a static analyzer of some kind which infers all lifetimes, though that would likely quickly be unworkably slow on real codebases, since you need to infer programmer intent. Additionally c static analyzers intended to catch all memory errors/UB etc. have existed for decades, and no one uses them, b/c they don't work or have too many false positives. For example did you know that until C++20 allocating an int with malloc was UB in C++? Would you want to work in a language where the linter marked every other line as UB?

If you think we could get this right in C (48 years old) and C++ (35 years old), don't you think we would have done it by now? :-)

yes writing a mini-rust compiler in C is possible and you can write in the mini language. But the problem is: at what cost?