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No it doesn't. In my example the bank loaned out $850k to the first small business and $723k to the second. That's $1,573,000. The bank started with $1million.

It absolutely matters how many times the dollars come back to the bank because that is the pathway that lets the bank loan the same original dollar out multiple times.

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I think you’re forgetting the bit where the business that took the $850,000 loan is left with $850,000 debt and $0 balance after they spend all of it. Every time it passes through the system the amount recirculated simply decreases by the reserve %. It all still adds up to the original amount (plus interest).

In your example though, the bank has a different problem of offering unsecured loans, which could lead to some losses for them.

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