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In case of this virus, probably not a vaccine. Or not alone. And any vaccine would need some period of widespread testing, comparable to how long it took to devise flu vaccines.

This one can jump species, reinfection cases have been described already, and coronaviruses in general are known to cause seasonal infections.

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There have not been any re-infections. Any people who tested positive a second time saw either false positives or residual viral fragments.

> And any vaccine would need some period of widespread testing

That's what the current Phase III trials are doing (30K people for Pfizer, 30K people for Moderna, ~12K people for Oxford/AstraZeneca). This should be enough to check for efficacy, while probably not enough for potential long-term effects.

Reinfections are, so far, a minuscule number compared to the total cases (2 properly documented cases), so I expect immunity to last at least a year, basing on the current data. Time will tell if I'm wrong, of course.

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