Linux is the gold standard for (1)?
Windows NT 3.5 (1994) would beg to differ with its support for IO completion ports (IOCP). I think io_uring is more general and more flexible for the sort of M:N scheduling systems now commonly used in programming languages, but IOCP predates io_uring by 25 years!
The rest of your comment sounds right to me, there are unanswered questions about how DirectStorage interacts with filesystem filter drivers.