The graphics code would have to be ported to WebGL, and then there might be an extra hurdle getting WASM to talk to WebGL directly. But it's doable, yes.
I wrote a game for a gamejam using Rust, Wasm, and WebGL without any engine: https://kettlecorn.itch.io/wonder
It makes use of ‘glow’, a Rust library that lets you write regular OpenGL code that runs across desktop, mobile, and web: https://github.com/grovesNL/glow