In the case of "toosheh", there is no uplink, it's a one way transfer of curated content in a compressed archive. They're using leased Ku band transponder space on a geostationary satellite generally above the region, same as commercial TV channels.
From a network engineering perspective I would say that Iranian government acumen at running advanced DPI systems for automated detection/blocking of VPN traffic on a per-flow basis is much less advanced than China's. The most talented Iranian network engineers can generally emigrate somewhere else and get paid a better salary to not work on projects they find personally distasteful.