There is a litany of posts and opinions of people who say their eyes hurt with a light color scheme, or it produces spots in their vision, or it hurts their concentration etc. I have no reason not to believe them. Many people prefer to even show their code in a dark scheme on websites. Furthermore, many people don't care but think dark is cooler.
On the other hand, I know that for myself, coding in a dark scheme is rather painful, especially if the background is very dark (as opposed to some gray). It makes it very hard to concentrate and I experience this on all of my displays. I do not have scientific evidence for any of that, nor do I really care to produce it. However, I look at code every day, so I know what works for me. The same will be true for other people here.
I think developers should treat it as an accessibility issue. Apps should have a dark mode, since many people clearly need it. Apps should also have a light mode, since people like me need it.