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To an extent, you are correct: many countries participate in the cyber-spy/cyber-espionage game. Where, perhaps, you are incorrect is that this is normal. The GRU has lead exceptionally aggressive cyber-attacks on just about everyone, particularly Estonia and Ukraine.

If you're interested in this topic, I'd like to suggest the wondeful (and terrifying) book, Sandworm (https://www.amazon.com/Sandworm-Cyberwar-Kremlins-Dangerous-...) by Andy Greenberg.

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That's already deflection. You brought unrelated things to the discussion.

What would you say about https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuxnet? I'd argue that Stuxnet is an example of cyberattack. Hacking email server to spy on it is rather a spying. If they were forging emails etc, that'd be an attack.

"Where, perhaps, you are incorrect is that this is normal."

So did the NSA and co. on the other side halted their operations, since Snowden uncovered them? That would be news to me.

The NSA is not really a good standard to go by though.

It's "No true Scotsman" fallacy.

Who is that gold standard of intelligence then? Who is sending a courtesy note that they will attempt to hack email server on 14:00 PST on Monday?

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