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Or the Symbian and Windows CE/Pocket PC phones, before it.

Indeed. And let's not forget the Palm Treo https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_Treo

Was out well before the iPhone, sold Internationally, had installable 3rd party apps (proper apps, not just "web" apps that the 1st gen iPhone had).

Apple fanatics always seem to think Apple create the first smartphone as we know it.

Not only that, iPhone base security model was actually one of the main selling points for Symbian OS S60 v3.

"Symbian OS platform security model"

While the USENIX paper is from 2010, the 3rd edition was released in 2005, 2 years ahead of iPhone.

And the now super fashionable Widgets were already a thing on Symbian, back in 2010.