Wirelessly linked smoke alarms are becoming extremely common now in the UK because outside a narrow envelope building regulations want linked alarms (linked either wired or wirelessly) on every floor. Imagine converting a basement and attic of a 1800s victorian house, and having to find a way to run a new cable from the roof of the attic to the ceiling of the basement. So instead it's a relatively dumb chip which shouts 'fire' on an unlicensed frequency block and a great deal of complexity is saved.
There is a chance you could do here what powerline adapters do, and use the ground wire to communicate. But they are notoriously inconsistent and there's any number of reasons it wouldn't work